Burrell: 'I hoped to continue playing'
Warning: This piece contains descriptions of racially offensive comments and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union led his career to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the game, showing digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to retire because of what went on," he told media outlets.
"I hoped to continue competing, of course I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when word emerged that there were investigations going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and accept that this whole process is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but said it could not collect sufficient proof to definitively say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him win 15 appearances after his debut in 2014.
"I have had multiple traumatic experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've personally suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell explains he was eventually motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"We has given significant attention on diversity and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"We are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a culture of acceptance but recognize this takes time and is an continuous effort."
All Prem and women's rugby club now has face-to-face education on creating welcoming environments, with its success tracked via individual reports and surveys.
All England athletes, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this effect on you and finished your career, but in our eyes, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died soon after the production of the documentary, and his sister passed away recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, continues his work to make the sport more open.
His charitable organization aims to connect with children in under-served communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My personal intentions are genuine, I want to see the progress of the sport and if nobody else is prepared to tell their experience then I'll continue to fight that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I speak about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I take the challenge by the horns and continue bearing this flag and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create opportunities and make the sport more appealing and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of underprivileged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely think that rugby has the potential to change their lives, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in late 2022